October 05, 2009

What NOW?

On September 30 and October 1, 2009 I attended the NOW Conference, hosted by the University of Calgary. Most of the sessions took place at the Telus Convention Centre in Calgary.



The conference had three streams: Youth, Academic, and Non-profit. Some sessions were open to all streams, while others were exclusively for one specific stream. I was in the Academic stream. At first, this was confusing because the materials which I received before the conference did not make this arrangement at all clear.



The conference began with a keynote address by F.W. de Klerk. De Klerk is a former President of South Africa and a winner of the Nobel Peace Prize. He led South Africa out of apartheid and into its present democratic government structure. The theme of his talk was leading change. It was both analytical and inspiring. He spoke from actual experience of leading a country through monumental change that, if done improperly, could have caused massive bloodshed. Among the points he made was the importance of a guiding vision, the necessity of working with all parties, and (most interesting of all to me) the need to be able to tell when to be cautious and when to gamble. He cited two examples of the latter: his decision to put the end of apartheid to a vote among the white electorate and his decision to destroy South Africa's nuclear arsenal. Remarkably, white voters elected to end apartheid and hand power over to the black majority. And South Africa is the only country that has disarmed itself of nuclear weapons. De Klerk's keynote was an excellent beginning to the conference.



The next session I attended was called "Service-Learning Course Design in Higher Education." For me, this was the weakest that I attended. I came to it very interested in the possibility of introducing service learning into the college where I work, but came away with very little that I could use to do so. Partly, I was put off by the presenter's style. Although there were only about 10 people in the session, he shouted at us as if we were a crowd of hundreds. The session was supposed to be a workshop, but it was difficult to get into a workshop mood after being railed at. In fact, the presenter went on at such length that there was actually little time left for the workshop to happen and we were left with handouts and the promise that we could use them productively on our own.



Next came the highlight of the conference, a public talk by the Dalai Lama before 17,000 people at the Pengrowth Saddledome. After a 45 minute presentation of music and song from various performers, hosted by Olympic medalist Mark Tewksbury and actress Sandra Oh, the Dalai Lama appeared on the stage. Clad in saffron monk's robes and sitting on a chair on a raised stage with a translator/assistant nearby, he spoke for nearly an hour. He began by addressing the youth in the audience, urging them to work for reform in a nonviolent and nonsectarian way. He then broadened his message to speak of the dangers of religious conflict, materialism, and an education system that trains the head and not the heart. His speech was filled with compassion and humour. At the end of his speech he entertained questions from the audience, which he answered with seriousness and wit.



The second day of the conference was to begin with a keynote by Jan Egeland, former Undersecretary of the United Nations. Unfortunately, security at the venue was so tight--because the Dalai Lama was in attendance--that about half of the delegates, including me, were unable to get through the screening process in time to hear him. Poor planning on the part of the conference organizers. To compensate for the missed opportunity, I purchased a copy of a book by Egeland.



Once through security, I proceeded to the large lecture hall where many of the seats were already filled by people waiting to hear the Dalai Lama speak. This was to be a more "private" speech for conference delegates only. Since there were between 300 and 400 delegates, the setting was hardly an intimate one.



The Dalai Lama's speech was focussed on education and picked up on the previous day's theme that education was for the heart and not just for the mind. He urged educators to strive for a balance between factual knowledge and right feeling. He also spoke at some length about the importance of developing one's analytical powers and advised everyone to think long and carefully before making important decisions and to consider both the heart and the head in making the decision. He then took questions from the audience.



After a short break, I attended a session titled "Mother Earth: Creating a Natural Harmony--An Aboriginal Perspective." The session was moderated by Leroy Littlebear, a First Nations elder and professor at Lethbridge University. The panel consisted of four presenters: one a University of Toronto Professor of Forestry of First Nations descent, and three First Nations elders. Unfortunately, the program brochure did not provide their names. The session addressed three topics: traditional perspectives on the concept of human stewardship, sacred connections to the land and nature, and the concept of Balance and Harmony in relation to the ecological systems, the environment, nature, and economic development. A fourth key theme that emerged was the importance of language preservation to the survival of Aboriginal peoples. This was an excellent session that raised many thought provoking questions.



After lunch, I attended my final session of the conference: "Four Realms: Balancing Humanity--An Aboriginal Perspective". Dr. Cora Voyageur of the University of Calgary was the moderator and the panel consisted of four First Nations educators, three PhD's and an MD. All of the presenters spoke of their struggles to maintain a sense of balance between their Aboriginal identity and culture and the Eurocentric world of the academy. They spoke with passion and humour. Once again, the preservation of Aboriginal language emerged as a theme, as did the importance of elders in assisting young Aboriginals in maintaining a balanced perspective.



The conference concluded with a Chancellor's reception hosted by the University of Calgary. The event provided me with an opportunity to share my impressions with other delegates.



The NOW Conference was an excellent experience and I came away from it with some useful knowledge and a lot of good memories.






May 08, 2009

We don't need no education: did we really think that?

"The Dumbest Generation: How the Digital Age Stupefies Young Americans and Jeopardizes Our Future(Or, Don't Trust Anyone Under 30)" (Mark Bauerlein)
Mark Bauerlein is Professor of English at Emory University in Atlanta and former director of Research and Analysis at the National Endowment for the Arts. The thesis of this book is that the digital age is making students "dumb" in both senses of the word. Students can't think and they can't communicate, he argues, because they spend too much time watching tv, playing computer games, and hanging out on Facebook. He does not say that the digital age makes people less intelligent; in fact, he reports that IQ scores have gone up over the last 20 years. But he also points out that scores in standardized tests for numeracy, language skills, and general knowledge have all gone down over the same period of time. It would seem we have a pool of brighter students who know less, can't express themselves, and lack the knowledge we would expect of citizens in a democratic society.

In my opinion, one of his most relevant complaints is that electronic culture promotes narcissism and isolation. Young people can communicate nonstop with their peers. They can reinforce peer values, while rejecting the larger needs and values of society. It is an unchallenging environment that doesn't promote reasoning or analysis. When students confront difficult issues in school or life, they shut down and run back to Myspace.

I share many of Bauerlein's concerns. Young people can be narcissistic and closed minded. I recall the class where several of my students walked out because I played them some Bach. "Our generation doesn't listen to that stuff," one of them told me. But, frankly, he comes across as a bit of an old fogey: someone who seems to see all change as a loss.

Furthermore, he tends to lay too much blame on the young people and not enough on the old people who have allowed this to happen. If you feed a child junk food all of its life, is it surprising that the child doesn't like his/her first taste of mashed turnips?

I would like to have seen more examination of causes and more suggestions for answers. Bauerlein's problem is that he is a neo-conservative caught in a contradiction. While bemoaning the loss of certain traditional skills and values, he cannot bring himself to say that capitalism and consumerism are the main causes of the problem and so he blames the victim.

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Getting clued in

"Clueless in Academe: How Schooling Obscures the Life of the Mind" (Professor Gerald Graff)
Gerald Graff is professor of English and Education at the University of Illinois. He is author of several books and articles and a major contributor to cultural debate in the United States. In this book, he looks at the difficulty contemporary students have with academic discourse. Why can't they understand and follow the debates and discussions central to their academic majors? The title sounds like he is laying blame on the students, but in fact, he isn't.

Students are "clueless"  for two reasons: (a) they are not sufficiently challenged in secondary school and tend to shut down when confronted with "difficult" writing and (b) their professors refuse to compromise their language so that neophytes can understand it. Graff sets out to pose solutions to both of these problems in his book.

For students, the answer is an educational system that is more challenging and less concerned that everyone pass. It would be an education system firmly grounded in books and reading as opposed to experiential learning. This will probably never happen; too many entrenched interests would be affected.

For professors, the answer is to get down off their high horses and deign to explain things to their students. Graff offers several practical writing tips for professors, many of them the kind of thing one would tell a freshman class: use examples, occasionally employ colloquial language, consider your audience. That professors should require writing tips is troubling.

I enjoyed this book because Graff puts a lot of energy into proposing solutions without ignoring the problems. I think his a particularly humanities oriented approach that will not find acceptance in other fields.

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May 07, 2009

Genius and Madness

Creative minds: the links between mental illness and creativity - Features, Health & Wellbeing - The Independent

Can science explain creativity? Does the theory of evolution account for the enduring value people place on literature? Is the brain of a "genius" different in some empirically measurable way from "normal" people's brains?
There is a small, but growing, tendency in the humanities to use certain branches of science, particularly neuroscience and biological evolution, to explain why people create art and why societies value it. This brief article in The Guardian outlines new theories which suggest that creative genius and clinical psychosis  have much in common, and that many famous thinkers were troubled by what we call mental illness. More controversially, it floats the idea that psychosis itself might be a factor in natural selection--that is, the fact that we can trace psychotic behaviour throughout history suggests that it is an evolutionary adaptation that enhances survival.
The idea of a link between madness and genius is not a new one. The article cites Seneca as making the observation and the poet John Dryden, writing in the 1700's observed that:

Great wits are sure to madness near allied,
And thin partitions do their bounds divide.
(from Absolom and Achitophel)

The use of neuroscience to explain art is a new and controversial things. The comments section at the end of the article attests to this.

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El Sistema

This video is incredible! It is from the TED.com web site and features Gustavo Dudamel conducting the Venezuela Youth orchestra. The concert is a tribute to the founder of "El Sistema," a Venezuelan project designed to engage disadvantaged youth in education through music. Dudamel is a graduate of the program, and a world famous conductor, and all of the musicians are enrolled in the program.

According to the wikipedia article on El Sistema, "its greatest achievement are the 250,000 children who attend its music schools around the country, 90 percent of them from poor socio-economic backgrounds."

The video is evidence of the transformative power of art.  As you watch these passionate, engaged kids, remember that without the program they would likely be dropouts, druggies, or dead.

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May 05, 2009

How to Wake Up Slumbering Minds - WSJ.com

How to Wake Up Slumbering Minds - WSJ.com

This Wall Street Journal article is a review of "Why Don't Students Like School: A Cognitive Scientist Answers Questions About How the Mind Works and What It Means for the Classroom" (Daniel T. Willingham). Willingham bases his answer to the question on recent research in neuroscience. The main points are
  • The human brain does not like abstract thinking. We are more receptive to "doing" learning than to "thinking" learning. This is not new. Socrates engaged his students in debate. He didn't lecture them.
  • We learn best by "drilling" and repetition. This goes against current educational theory, but is generally true to my experience. In most cases I can do mental arithmetic more quickly than students can do calculations with a calculator. As a child I had to memorize and repeat the "times" tables. I just can't do it with big numbers
  • Getting students to "think like mathematicians" or philosophers or any other trained specialist doesn't work. This, too, goes against contemporary theory. The line is that  if we get them to think like mathematicians, they will be better at math. Not so. First expose them to the knowledge of the discipline (possibly by drilling it into them) and some of them might start to think like workers in the field, eventually.
  • Students cannot apply generic critical thinking skills until after they have acquired a considerable amount of knowledge and fact. Until students know something, they cannot analyze it critically
  • "Learning styles" are largely a myth. There is no empirical evidence to back the claim that different people have different learning styles. Frankly, this comes as no surprise to me.It has always seemed to me that they represent trivial differences in individuals and should not be used as a basis for educational planning. Now we have scientific data to support that conclusion. The belief that all students are "equal in ability but unique in style" is hokum.
  • Placing an emphasis on knowledge and content is the best way to ensure student learning. Again, no surprise. I remember with fondness and admiration the teachers and professors who "knew their stuff". More importantly, I remember much of what they taught me.

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When bad businesses go good

Why Ideals are the New Business Models - Umair Haque - HarvardBusiness.org:
Every once in a while I take a look at the Harvard School of Business blog to see what the other half is doing. By the other half, I mean the people who are interested in making a profit. I was surprised to see this article, which argues that modern business needs "value creation," not "value capture". Apparently, this means it's time for business to base its way of operating upon values instead of chasing after valuables (i.e. profit). The article takes quite a hammering from some of the commenters. Apparently they consult the Harvard Business blog for tips on making money, not for moral advice.
The author, Umair Haque, is described as "Director of the Havas Media Lab, a new kind of strategic advisor that helps investors, entrepreneurs, and firms experiment with, craft, and drive radical management, business model, and strategic innovation." I'm not sure what all this means, but I do like the idea of "radical management."

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January 02, 2009

Encouraging Civility as a Community College Leader. edited by Paul A. Elsner and George R. Boggs.

Encouraging Civility as a Community College Leader. edited by Paul A. Elsner and George R. Boggs.


The title is misleading because most of the book isn't about encouraging civility and because its contents reflect a very narrow definition of "community college leader".


The main body of the book consists of five chapters. Three of the five are about specific tough trials that the authors have undergone. Civility, if it is addressed at all, is more the subject of what was missing from what the "other" side said and did. There is very little concrete, effective advice or analysis of civility, its definition, its absence or presence, or its promotion.


Four of the five chapters are written by current or former college presidents. We are given the view from one side of the fence only. Also, three of the chapters are personal narratives of tough battles at colleges. They are not objective and not very helpful. Their message seems to be "hang tough and don't lose your cool". It would have been helpful to seek input from other leaders in the college system such as faculty union heads, board members, and student council executives.


The exception to my two main criticisms is Chapter 4 "Compassionate Leadership Transcending Prejudice," by Zelema Harris. She offers helpful definitions, suggestions, and analysis. She is the only writer among the personal narrativists with the courage to say that management abuse can be a major cause of incivility in colleges.


Chapter 5 "Addressing Challenges to Civility on Campus" by Paul A. Elsner, one of the book's editors, is a well written summary of the causes and complexities of campus incivility. Elsner tags all sectors of the college community with some responsibility for the problem. He identifies ways in which all sectors can contribute to a solution. He also makes it clear that it is administration's job to take the lead.


The book concludes with three short appendices containing sample codes of conduct from three American colleges.



December 29, 2008

Festering incivility on campus

Civility is a disappearing value on the contemporary campus. Everyone seems to be hyper-aware of his or her rights and needs. Too many place individual goals ahead of the common good. Judy Rookstool offers a calm and reasoned analysis of the problem, along with some tentative solutions in her short book, Fostering Civility on Campus. Through an historical analysis of what the word "civility" means, she leads us to see that it is more than tea party etiquette. Rather, it is a series of behaviours and attitudes that allow for free enquiry, academic integrity, and civilized exploration of complex and often controversial subjects. Without civility, there can be no meaningful college experience.


After defining civility and explaining why it is necessary in a community college, Rookstool offers some strategies for promoting it on campus. The chapter is under twenty pages in length, so it is in no way comprehensive. She also provides an appendix of "Examples and Models" of civilty policies from several American community colleges. There are also lists of references cited and additional resources.


Fostering Civility on Campus is an excellent consciousness raising document, but its brevity prevents it from offering detailed solutions. Unfortunately, the book is currently out of print.



June 09, 2008

Short bits: online articles recently read for professional development

"Exposed," by Emily Gould. A New York Times piece about what happens when a blogger "overexposes" on the internet. A tale of chickens coming home to roost.

"Restaurateur Tries to Censor Yelp Review: Epic Failure" by Reem Abeidoh. This blog entry could serve as a case study for Blog Rules, a book discussed in an earlier post. The gist is that someone wrote a negative review of a restaurant on a social networking site called Yelp. The restaurant manager tried to bully the writer into changing the review. The reviewer told others about the intimidation effort and the restaurant and the manager were vilified in countless blogs. A public relations nightmare.

"Gender in Job Negotiations: A Two-Level Game" by Hannah Riley Bowles and Kathleen L. McGinn. This pdf by two Harvard researchers is available for download here. The researchers attempt to explain why women tend to negotiate lower starting salaries in management positions. Gender stereotypes are found to still play a powerful role in the workplace.

"Getting Down to the Business of Creativity" by Julia Hanna summarizes the efforts of Harvard Business School researchers to gauge the importance of creativity in the success of entrepreneurs and managers. Once again the managerial classes aspire to rise to the level of Arts majors. The conclusions tend to be banal: "People have their best days and do their best work when they are allowed to make progress." You mean flogging doesn't work? Damn.

"When Winning is Everything," by Deepak Malhotra, Gillian Ku, and J. Keith Murnighan. This Harvard Business Review article looks into the disastrous effects of "the primal urge to win" on decision making and offers tips on how to manage said urge.

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